Experiment 16: The properties of alkanes and alkenes

To compare the physical and chemical properties of alkanes and alkanes

Notes

Although the first members of the homologous series of both alkanes and alkenes are gaseous, comparison can be made using the easily available compounds cyclohexane and cyclohexene.

Safety

Both alkanes and alkenes are highly flammable and should never be used near a naked flame. The compounds are also toxic and give off noxious vapours.

Instructions

All of the following investigations should be carried out on small scale.

Use Siwolobov's method to determine the boiling point of both compounds

Using a dry pipette transfer 25ml of the liquid into a dry, weighed conical flask. Re-weigh.

Experimental report

The following factors must be considered:

• Accurate recording of raw data
• Choice of suitable apparatus and method
• Presentation of raw data
• Data analysis and presentation
• Evaluation of errors both qualitative and numerical

Assessment

• Data collection
• Planning (b)
• Data analysis
• Evaluation